THE ATMOSPHERE
THE ATMOSPHERE
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The atmosphere is a layer of air that surrounds the Earth.
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The atmosphere absorbs energy from the Sun and it protects
us from solar radiation and the cold.
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Clouds form in the atmosphere.
AIR
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Air is all around us.
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Air is a mixture of different gases.
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The most common gases in air are nitrogen and oxygen.
WIND
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Wind is air in motion.
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During the day, the Sun warms the air and it rises because
it is lighter than cold air.
THE FIVE LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE
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The five layers of the atmosphere are:
·
Troposphere
·
Stratosphere
·
Mesosphere
·
Thermosphere
·
Exosphere
THE
ELEMENTS OF WEATHER
TEMPERATURE
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Temperature is the heat or cold in an object.
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When the temperature is high,
you feel warm.
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When the temperature is low,
you feel cold.
WIND
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Wind is air in motion.
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Wind is caused by
differences in air temperature.
HUMIDITY
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Humidity is the amount of water vapour in the air.
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When humidity is low,
the air feels dry.
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When humidity is high,
the air feels wet.
RAIN
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Rain is a type of water precipitation.
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The heat of the Sun evaporates water from oceans, rivers…
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Water vapour rises and expands.
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Water vapour forms clouds.
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When the water vapour cools,
it rains.
MEASURING THE WEATHER
INSTRUMENTS
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We use different instruments:
*Thermometer:
We measure temperature with a thermometer.
*Rain
gauge: We measure rain with a rain gauge.
*Anemometer:
We measure wind with an anemometer.
*Hygrometer:
We measure the humidity with a hygrometer.
SEVERE WEATHER
THUNDERSTORMS
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A thunderstorm is an electric storm with thunder and lightning.
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Thunder is the sound.
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Lightning is a bright flash of
electricity.
SNOWSTORMS
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Snowstorms are storms with lots
of snow.
FLOODS
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Floods happen after very heavy precipitations.
DROUGHTS
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Droughts happen when it doesn´t rain for a long time or it
rains very little.
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