UNIT 10

THREE ECONOMIC SECTORS

THE ECONOMY

-         The economy is divided into the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors.

THE PRIMARY SECTOR

-         The primary sector takes raw materials from nature like vegetables and fruit, fish, wood, minerals and oil.

-         The main activities of the primary sector are: agriculture, farming, fishing, forestry and mining.

AGRICULTURE  AND  FARMING

-         Agriculture is the production of food, fibres and other products that come from plants and animals.

-         We call the plants crops, and the animals livestock.

-         Farmers work on farms.

FISHING

-         Fishermen catch fish and other animal, like shellfish, squid and octopuses.

-         Threre are two kinds of industrial fishing: coastal fishing and deep-sea fishing.

MINING

-         Mining is the extraction of minerals and metals from the Earth.

FORESTRY

-         Forestry is the practice of planting and taking care of forest and tree plantations.

THE SECONDARY SECTOR

INDUSTRY AND CRAFT

-         The secondary sector uses raw materials to produce finished products.

-         The secondary sector includes: manufacturing, processing, and construction.

-         The main products are: cars, clothes, buildings…

-         These products can be made in two different ways: by craft workers or by industrial workers.

-         The main activities of the secondary sector are: the automobile industry, the textile industry, the chemical industry and engineering.

THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY

-         The automobile industry produces motor vehicles, like cars, buses...

-         There are lots of robots in an automobile factory.

THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY

-         The textile industry manufactures cloth and fabrics.

THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY

-         The chemical industry converts raw materials, like water, metals, minerals and crude oil into different products like petrol, cosmetics and plastic objects.

ENGINEERING

-         Engineers design and construct things, like tunnels, bridges, motorways and buildings.

-         They also build machines and engines.

THE TERTIARY SECTOR

SERVICES

-         The tertiary sector is also known as the service sector.

-         The main activities of the tertiary sector are: education, healthcare, transport, financial sector and retail.

EDUCATION

-          Education transmits culture and information from generation to generation.

HEALTH CARE

-         People who work in health care, like doctors, surgeons and nurses take care of our health.

THE FINANCIAL SECTOR

-         The financial sector provides financial services to customers.

-         Banks are part of the financial sector.

TRANSPORT

-         Transport is a system of vehicles, like buses, trains, ships…that moves people, animals and products.

RETAIL

-          Retail is selling goods to customers in shops and in small quantities.